Kidney stones are a solid mass made up of tiny crystals. One or more stones can be in the kidney or ureter simultaneously. Kidney stones vary in size from as small as a grain of sand to as large as a pearl. Some are even larger.
Kidney stones form when there is a change in the normal balance of substances in your urine. This change causes crystals to form from such substances as too much calcium oxalate, increasing the risk of kidney stones. The crystals or developing kidney stones grow larger, which can cause severe pain.
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